In 1460, Sierra Leone was settled by the Temne people, who created small “chiefdoms” within the territory. In roughly 1000 AD, those who resided on the coast practiced agriculture, living without a central government to rule the new found land. Two hundred years later, a group of people migrated from the savannas, to the northern and eastern parts of Sierra Leone. The emigrants had been the Temne people, who established small chiefdoms that provided an early form of authority within the territory. In 1462, Portuguese explorer Pedro da Cintra gave the colony its name, Sierra Leone, which literally means “Lion Mountains”. Cintra gave Sierra Leone this name because of the toughness of the mountains he had to climb, now called the “Freetown Peninsula”. Later on in the sixteenth century, Mande-speaking people came to Fouta Djallon (Guinea) from the inlands, and brought with them a Muslim tribe called the Fulani. Also, in the seventeenth century, a holy war ignited between the Temne people and the Fulani as a result of the Fulani trying to convert Temne in Northern Sierra Leone to the Islam. From the early sixteenth century to the nineteenth century, Africa’s little jewel was overrun by countries involved in the “Transatlantic Slave Trade”, such as America, Africa, Europe, the Caribbean and the Indian Ocean. These countries seized anyone that the region could trade as slaves.